pusqk dw nwm: mhwrwjw j`sw isMG rwmgVIAw - (ieiqhws dI pYV ivc rwmgVHIey is`K)
sMpwdk: s. hrijMdr isMG kMvl (ieMglYNf)
pRkwSk: rwmgVHIAw gurdvwrw kvYMtrI (ieMglYNf)
kImq: £5

1803 eIsvI ivc rwmgVHIAw imsl dy mwlk mhwrwjw j`sw isMG rwmgVHIAw pRlok gmn kr gey [ so ies swl auhnW dI 200 swlw pRlok gmn SqwbdI rwmgVHIAw smwj vloN Aws kIqI jWdI hY ik ivAwpk p`Dr qy mnweI jwvygI Aqy Anyk Koj BrpUr pusqkW Aqy suvnIAr qy AKbwrW dy ivSyS AMk pRkwSq kIqy jwxgy jo Biv`K ivc Awaux vwlIAW nslW dy rwh dsyrw bxngy [

ies pwsy sB qoN pihlW is`K ivdvwn sR. hrijMdr isMG kMvl (kvYNtrI) vwilAW ny pihl kIqI hY [ ies qoN pihlW auhnW ny dsm gRMQ dIAW coxvIAW bwxIAW, siqgurU rwm isMG jI, siqgurU prqwp isMG jI Aqy siqgurU jgjIq isMG jI qy Koj BrpUr pusqkW rcky is`K jgq dI pRsMsw dy pwqr bx cu`ky hn [ auhnW dI jwdUmeI lyKxI ny swihq jgq ivc iek invyklw sQwn bxw ilAw hY [

ies vwr auhnW ny vf-AwkwrI sweIz dw 'mhwrwjw j`sw isMG rwmgVHIAw' suvnIAr pRkwSq kIqw hY ijsdw nwm auhnW ny 'ieiqhws dI pYV ivc rwmgVHIey is`K' vI r`iKAw hY jo auhnW ny mhwrwjw j`sw isMG rwmgVHIAw dI 200vNI prlok gmn SqwbdI nUM smrpq kIqw hY, ijs dy 74 sPy hn Aqy l`g B`g 85 rMgIn Aqy blYk/vweIt ic`qr pRkwSk kIqy hn [ mhwrwjw j`sw isMG qoN ibnw gurU nwnwk dyv jI, BweI lwlo, siqgurU rwm isMG jI, BweI su`Kw isMG, BweI Arjn isMG bwgVIAw, sMq bwbw nMd isMG klyrW, sMq bwbw pUrn isMG jI krIco, bwbw ivSvkrmW, suMdr isMG rwmgVHIAw, srdwr joD isMG rwmgVHIAw, ieMglYNf dy ivSyS rwmgVHIAw skSIAqW Awidk dIAW qsvIrW bVI rIJ nwl pRkwSq kIqIAW hn [ ieh au`dm bVw hI SlwGw Xog hY [ ies Swndwr qy KubsUrq sUvnIAr dy pRkwSk rwmgVHIAw gurdvwrw kvYNtrI, ieMglYNf hn [

kMvl swihb dI BUmkw qoN ibnW SurU ivc s. suirMdr isMG jMfU jI dw sMdyS ivc pRkwSq kIqw igAw hY [ kMvl swihb jI ny suMdr isMG rwmgVHIAw dI CotI jyhI durl`B pusqk "AYnlz AwP rwmgVHIAw srdwrz" nUM dubwrw prkwSq krky is`K jgq qy bhuq v`fw aupkwr kIqw hY [ ieh pusqk 1902 eIsvI ivc AMimRqsr ivc pRkwiSq hoeI sI [ies qoN ibnW dyivMdr isMG ig`l, cqr isMG bIr, fw: Awqm hmrwhI, rxjIq isMG KVg, gurmuK isMG, bwbw pRym isMG hoqI mrdwn, mohn isMG hdIAwbwdI, ikrpwl isMG nwrMg, ky. AYs. BMmrw, gurnwm isMG rwey Awidk lyKkW qy kvIAW dy LyK Aqy kivqwvW ies suvnIAr nUM Koj BrpUr dsqwvyz bxwauNdy hn[ mhwrwjw j`sw isMG bwry pihlI bwr kuJ durl`B qsvIrW pwiksqwn Aqy hor dysW qoN pRwpq krky pRkwSq kIqIAW hn [ ieh Adu`qI kwrj leI sR. hrijMdr isMG kMvl jI nUM l`K l`K vDweIAW hn [ gurdvwrw rwmgVHIAw kvYNtrI dy pRbMDk vI ies kwrj leI vDweI dy pwqr hn [ hriek sUJvwn Aqy KojI is`K leI ieh iek durl`B ieiqhwsk dsqwvyz hY [