ikhw jWdw hY ik is`K ieiqhws isrjdy hn, pr Apxw ieiqhws sMBwl nhIN skdy[ ieh gl bhuq h`d qk TIk hY[ ipCLIAW pMj sdIAW dy ieiqhws dI gl dUr, swfy pws ipClI iek sdI dw shI ieiqhws vI mOjUd nhIN hY[ gurU swihbwn dy smyN dw ieiqhws vI jnm swKIAW jW aunHW dy smkwlI muslmwn qy ihMdU drbwrIAW/lyKkW vloN ilKy gey ieiqhws 'qy vDyyry AwDwirq hY[ mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG Aqy bwAd ivc is`K irAwsqW ivc syvw krdy keI is`K ivdvwnW ny is`K ieiqhws dI rcnw kIqI, pr aunHW ivc vI keI kmIAW pySIAW pweIAW geIAW[ AMgryzI rwj vyly kinMGm qy mYkwil& ny bVI hI Koj qy imhnq nwl is`K ieiqhws iliKAw, jo Aj dy bhuqy ivdvwnW qy ieiqhwskwrW leI iek muK sroq bixAw hoieAw hY[

hux fw. sMgq isMG ny is`KW dw ipCly 500 swlW dw ieiqhws iliKAw hY[ h`QlI pusqk ilKx qoN pihlW aus ny AMgyrzI qy pMjwbI ivc keI pusqkW ilKIAW hn[ ieh pusqk vI pihlW AMgryzI ivc ilKI geI sI qy AmrIkw ivc pRkwiSq hoeI sI[ hux ies ivc hor vwDw kr ky pMjwbI rUp idqw igAw hY[ auh Bwrq srkwr dy ivdySI ivBwg dI nIqI GVx vwly iQMk-tYNk dy mYNbr Aqy keI auc AhuidAW 'qy qYnwq irhw hY[ auh keI dySW ivc BwrqI s&wrqKwinAW ivc a`uc AhuidAW auqy SSoiBq irhw hY[ dyS ivc vwpr rhIAW GtxwvW bwry aus pws hroz swry A^bwrW dIAW kilpMg Aqy Ku&IAw eyjMsIAW dIAW rIpotW AiDAYn leI AwauNdIAW sn, ies leI pMjwb smyq dyS ivc vwprn vwlIAW swrIAW GtxwvW nUM aunHW nyiVaN ho ky vyiKAw, AiDAYn qy ivSlySx kIqw hY[ ies leI aunHW nUM swrIAW GtxwvW dy ipCokV bwry vI pqw hY[ h`QlI pusqk ies dw pRq`K prmwx hY[ ies dy 722 pMny coN 500 pMny ipClI sdI dy ieiqhws bwry hI hn[

lyKk is`K ieiqhws dy qQW nUM mroVn qy imlwvt krn dIAW swzSw dI inSwndyhI krdw hY Aqy gurU goibMd isMG jI vloN id`qI qwVnw "jb ieh ghY ibprn kI rIq mYN nw kro ien kI pRqIq" dy sMd`rB ivc Ajoky is`K smwj ivc bRwhmxI rIqW dy prvyS 'qy icMqwqur hY[ ies ivsiqRq AiDAYn ivc lyKk dsdw hY ik ikvyN b`uD Drm AwpxI jnm-BumI ivc hI Kqm ho igAw[ gurU nwnk dyv jI qoN lY ky A`j qk dy sMpUrn is`K ieiqhws dI ies rcnw ivc lyKk gurU-kwl Aqy bwAd dy smyN ivc is`K Drm dy hoey ivkws dI gwQw ds ky isMG sBw lihr qy ies dy 1925 qk dy pRBwv dw vI izkr krdw hY[ lyKk dw zor ies q`Q aupr hY ik gurU nwnk dyv jI ny pUrI iS`dq nwl bRwhmx dI vrx-vMf dw KMfx kIqw qy mwnv BrwqrIvwd nUM aujwgr kIqw[

ies pusqk dy sq Bwg hn: is`K sm`isAw, m`DkwlI BwrqI ieiqhws 'c is`K m`q, AMgryzI rwj ivc is`K, Awzwd Bwrq ivc is`K qy ivdySw ivc vsdy is`K Aqy Biv`K auqy iek iek pwr-idRStI[ hr Bwg ivc fw. sMgq isMG ny AwpxI ilKq dI puStI leI v`K v`K ieiqhwskwrW qy ivdvwnW dIAW pusqkW dw hvwlw idqw hY[ ivSyS kr ky lgpg 1873 ivc SurU hoeI isMG sBw lihr qoN swl 2002 qk dy ieiqhws ivc aus v`K v`K A^bwrW qy irswilAw dw vI hvwlw idqw hY[ ies pusqk ivc kWgrs qy is`KW dy sbMDW bwry ijqnw bwrIkI nwl ieiqhwisk dsqwvyzW qy mhwqmw gWDI dy Apxy A^bwr 'hrIjn" dy vwr vwr hvwly nwl jo ieiqhws iliKAw hY, ies qoN pihlW iksy ny nhIN iliKAw[ kWgrs qy is`KW dy sbMDw bwry hor iksy lyKk ny ieqnw ivsQwrpUrbk hwl nhIN iliKAw[

vIhvIN sdI ivc Drm-inrp`Kqw dy ByK ivc bRwhmx qy bwxIAW vloN kIqy jw rhy hmilAW bwry vI lyKk icMqq hY[ sXog is`K lIfriSp dI AxhoNd kr ky is`KW ny 1949 ivc sMivDwn GVn smyN dyS dI mu`K-Dwrw qoN Al`g Ql`g hox, 1984 qoN bwAd dy iBAwnk swikAW dy vrqwry bwry lyKk dy ivSlySx kwbly gOr hn[ Ajyhy is`K smwj ivc PYilAw piqqpuxw, fyrwvwd dy swD sMqW dI Brmwr, is`KW dI ivdySW nUM dOV, pirvwsI mzdUrW (B`eIAW) dw it`fI dl vWg Awgmn kwrn pMjwb ivc vI is`KW dy Gt-igxqI ivc ho jwx dw qOKlw pRgt krdw hY ijnHW dy AwDwr 'qy 21vIN sdI ivc is`KW dI hoxI inSicq hovy gI[

fw. sMgq isMG Awpxy AxoKy sroqW kwrn ieMdrw gWDI nUM is`KW ivc AWqMkvwd dI GuspYT krn dw muK zumyvwr smJdw hY, kimaUinst ies ivc aus dI shwieqw krdy hn[ aus Anuswr ies dy do kwrn hn-AYmrjYNsI dOrwn AkwlIAW vloN morcw lgwauxw, dujw Awpxy pUrvj nihrUAW vWg gMgU bRwhmx dy Kwndwn nwl sbMD hoxw[ gMgU bRwhmx nwl nihrU pirvwr dw sbMD hox bwry auh jvwhr lwl nihrU dI svY-jIvnI qy nwmvwr p`qrkwr AYm.jy. Akbr dI iek pusqk dw hvwlw idMdw hY, pr iPr vI ies bwry BulyKw dUr nhIN huMdw[

ieiqhws ilKidAw nwl hI fw. sMgq isMG ny Apxy ivcwr pRgt kIqy hn, ivSyS kr ky bRwhmvwdI ihMdU m`q vloN gurU swihbwn dy smyN qoN hI is`K isDwqW dI ivroDqw krn bwry, ijnHW nUM pVH ky keI vwrI lgdw hY ik auh ihMdU Drm dy keI lIfrW qoN bhuq duKI hn qy aunHW bwry ienHW dy ivcwr kuJ p`KpwqI lgdy hn[ fw.sMgq isMG ies bwry Apxy prvySkw "muFly Sbd" ivc ilKdy hn, "ieiqhwskwr vjoN mYN iehnW q`QW bwry sucyq irhw hW ik q`Q piv`qr huMdy hn, jdoN ik ivAwiKAw ivAkqI dI AwpxI huMdI hY[myrI v`cnb`Dqw inrol qOr 'qy ieiqhws pRqI hY,nw ik sKSIAqW pRqI,BwvyN auh sKSIAqW ikMnIAW vI au`cIAW ikauN nw hox["

ies pusqk dy 'muKbMd' ivc kYlyPornIAW XunIvristI ivc ieiqhws Aqy qulnwqimk Drm AiDAYn dy pRoPYsr iemYrts, noiel ikaU ikMg ny iliKAw hY, "ieh pusqk au`c kotI dI hY Aqy kinMGm qy mYkwil& dy simAW qoN lY ky hux ilKIAW geIAW pusqkW ivc iehny AwpxI QW bxw leI hY[ bu`D Drm nUM iehdI AwpxI jnm BumI 'qy hI qbwh krn dy muK q`Q swfy swhmxy hn[ ies dy Ansr SurU qoN hI is`K-pMQ ivc AYn SurU qoN hI dwKl ho gey sn ikauNik is`K Drm dy dr sBnW leI KulHy hn[ ieh Ansr is`K lIfriSp 'qy vwr vwr hwvI huMdy rhy Aqy ienHW AnsrW dy mMd-ierwidAW dI pUrqI leI is`K lihr nUM nvyN nvyN moV idqy jWdy rhy["

fw.sMgq isMG dw dwAvw hY ik ieh pusqk piqqpuxy nUM TlH pwaux ivc shweI hovy gI[

Apxw Dwrimk, ieiqhwisk, isAwsI qy siBAwcwrk ivrsw jwxn leI hr is`K nUM ieh pusqk zrUr pVHxI cwhIdI hY[