FysI pirvwr nwl mulwkwq qoN bwAd pqw lgdw hY ik cOigrdy ƒ ies iSd`q nwl ipAwr kIqw jw skdw hY[ auh ru`KW, jIvW, hvw, pwxI Aqy im`tI dI dyx Aqy mh`qqw bwbq g`l krn dw koeI mOkw nhIN KUMJdy[ swƒ jIvn dyx vwlIAW ienWH SYAW pRqI aunWH dI g`l-g`l ivc SukrWw hY[ ienWH dI ivgVdI ishq bwbq i&kr hn[ i&krW dw v`fw Awkwr aunWH ƒ inrwS nhIN sgoN AwpxI smr`Qw mUzb auprwlw krn leI aukswauNdw hY[ ru`K lgwauNidAw aunWH dy ichry au~qy Awey qs`lI dy Bwv Aqy g`l kridAw aunWH dI gMBIrqw aunWH dy ivAkqIqv ƒ inKwrdy hn[ sMjm, sbr Aqy sMqoK ƒ sMquln dw PwrmUlw mMnx vwly FysI ies PwrmUly ƒ kudrq nwl iek-imk hox dw mMqr vI smJdy hn[ ienWH smIkrnW ivcoN hI aunWH dy srokwr vI aupjdy Aqy auprwly vI aupjdy hn[ auh 'igAWvwnW' vWg BwSn nhIN krdy sgoN quhwfy qoN quhwfy bwry pu`C ky quhwfy cOigrdy ƒ smJx dI cyStw krdy hoey g`lbwq ƒ doqr&w sMvwd bxwauNdy hn[ lWbVw ivKy aunWH dy Gr bhuq qrWH dy ru`K hn aunWH au~qy bhuq qrWH dy pMCI vsdy hn[ FysI joVw ienWH ru`KW Aqy pMCIAW bwry, ienWH nwl mnu`K dy irSqy bwry bhuq idlcsp g`lW quhwƒ dsdw hY[ ijnWH dI roSnI ivc AsIN ru~KW, pMCIAW, hvw, pwxI, im`tI Aqy mnu`K ƒ iek Gr dy jIAW vjoN dyK skdy hW[ iPr ies g`l dw vI AMdwzw ho jWdw hY ik AsI Awpxy Gr dy jIAW dI ikMnI durgqI kr rhy hW[ aunWH dI ies vwrI dI pMjwb PyrI dOrwn dI pIplz vwies dy kwrkun (ArundIp, kulivMdr, dljIq AmI), jvwhr lwl nihrU XUnIvristI dy KozwrQI jiqMdr isMG ny aunWH nwl aunWH dy Gr Aqy ru`K lgwaux dI muMihm dOrwn kw&I smWH ibqwieAw[ ies dOrW hoeI g`lbwq dy mu`K AMS pyS hn:

suAwl: ienWH simAW ivc ru`KW nwl ipAwr ikvyN?

juAwb: swfy siBAwcwr ivc dwn-puMn Aqy Bu`Ky ƒ AMn-pwxI Ckwaux ƒ bhuq AihmIAq id`qI geI hY[ swry jIvn dI kdr krnw kul &lsi&AW dw Atu`t AMg hY[ swfIAW siBAwcwrk rvwieqW Aqy mwnvI &ls&y dy nwl-nwl mOjUdw jIvn ƒ drpyS s`imisAwvW dy h`l vjoN ru`KW dI AihmIAq hY[ ienWH dw lwB isr& &l-&u`l-CW qk hI sImq nhIN blik ieh swƒ swh lYx leI AwksIjn Aqy swfy im`qr pMCIAW leI rihx-Kwx dw mUl sroq hn[ ru`K sdwbhwr lMgr hn[ ru`K swƒ ibnWH iksy BydBwv qoN &l, &u`l, CW Aqy hor swDn idMdy hn[ ieh pMCIAW ƒ rihx bsyrw Aqy ^urwk idMdy hn[ swfy leI ienWH dI jIvn r`iKAw Aqy vwDw iek izMmyvwrI vI hY Aqy sB qoN v`fw puMn vI[ kdy eys DrqI qy mhwqmw bu`D ny ieh aupdyS id`qw sI ik hryk boDI pMj swl bwAd ie`k ru`K lwvy[ ieh do hzwr qoN v`D smW pihlW dI g`l hY[ A`j hwlwq bhuq ivgV cuky hn[ jy Awm AwdmI dI AOsq aumr s`T swl im`Q leIey qW ie`kI swl qoN SurU krky AwdmI jIvn 'c cwLI ru`K lgw skdw hY[ r`uK dw &wiedw isr& quhwƒ hI nhIN huMdw sgoN AgWh Awaux vwlIAW nslW ƒ vI lwB huMdw hY[ mYN vI ies syvw dw ih`sydwr hoxw locdw hW[ ies ƒ puMn kho jW lok BlweI[

suAwl: quhwƒ ieh iKAwl ikvyN AwieAw?

- mYN mMndw hW ik AsIN qurdy iPrdy ru`K hW[ r`uK lwaux qy aunHW dI sWB sMBwl dw Sok mYnUM qy myrI pqnI surjIq kOr nUM ivrsy ivcoN imilAw ey[ myry bwpU jI nUM vI r`uK pwlx dy AiqAMq SokIn sn[ auh mYnUM ru`K lwaux leI mYnMU sdw auqSwihq krdy rihMdy sn Aqy myry pwsoN aunWH bcpn ivc bhuq ru`K lgvwey[ jdoN 1962 ivc pihlI vwr ieMglYNf jwxw sI qW mYN Awpxy h`QIN lweIAW twlHIAW nUM vyK vyK roieAw sW[ myry bwpU jI ny swfy ipMf mydy ie`k bwZ lvwieAw sI AsIN ies dI dyKBwl krdy, &l KWdy Aqy CW mwxdy v`fy hoey[ ieh bwZ hux nhIN irhw[ swfy pirvwr dI ieh hwridk ie`Cw hY ik AsIN aus bwZ nUM muV ijaudw krIey qW ik ies dI sMquStI hovy ik AsIN Awpxy bwpU dI isiKAw au~qy Aml kIqw hY[

(surjIq kOr joVdy hn[) jdoN mYN ivAwhI AweI qW swry rwh mYƒ l`gdw irhw, ik`Qy aujwV ivc Aw PsI[ pr jdoN hI AsIN Awpxy Gr vwlI phIN muVy qW mYƒ l`igAw ik svrg ivc Aw geI[ aus bwZ dy huMidAw mYƒ ieh jgWH kdy vI EprI nhIN l`gI[

ies dOrwn izMdgI ivc ruJy rhy pr cOigrdy pRqI AsIN sdw i&krzdw sW[ hux AsIN ies idSw v`l aucycy Xqn SUru kIqy hn[ swfw pirvwr ies kMm ivc pUrI m`dd krdy hn[ swfy b`cy v`fy ho gey hn[ Awpxy kMmI l`gy hn Aqy Awpxy pirvwrW vwly hn[ auh pUrI qrHW nwl AwqminrBr hn[ AsIN hux ies kMm leI pUrI qrHW smripq hW[ mYN jdoN ieMglYNf huMdw hW qW bUitAW sMbMDI Koj dw kMm krdw hW[ ieDr hr swl bxdI smr`Qw muqwbk bUty lwauNdy hW[

suAwl: ies muihMm dI SurUAwq ikvyN hoeI Aqy ies qrHW dw ikMnw ku kMm ho irhw hY[

Awpxy Gr lWbVy qoN j`dI ipMf mydy jWidAw rwh ivc keI skUl AwauNdy hn[ AsIN dyiKAw ik ieh skUl drKqW KuxoN ruf-mr`uf jwpdy hn[ swfy dohW dy mn ivc AweI ikauN nw AsIN skUlW ivc r`uK lgwaux dw kMm AwrMB krIey[ ies qrW dI SurUAwq qoN bwAd AsIN ies rMg ivc rMgy gey[ mYnMU qW supny vI ru`KW, jMgl, byilAW dy Awaux l`gy[ pihlW AsIN Awp bUty lYky jwxw Aqy aunWH ƒ jw ky QW dyx dI bynqI krnI[ Awp bUty lwauxy, keI AOkVW vI AwauxIAW[ ienWH bUitAW dI dyK Bwl kOx krygw? ieh suAwl vI mn ivc Awauxy[ swƒ ieh igAwn ho cu`ikAw ey ik swfIAW Awaux vwlIAW nslW dI hoNd ies cwrwjoeI ibnW sMBv nhIN[ AsIN AwpxI vloN Xqn krdy rhy[ hux lok swƒ Awp s`d ky ru`K lgvwauNdy hn[ swƒ aunWH nwl srokwr sWJy krn dw mOkw imldw hY[ AsIN lokW ƒ ru`KW dI AihmIAq bwry d`sdy hW[ muSklW dI ivkrwlqw dy swhmxy ieh quS Xqn hn[ Aijhy XqnW dy imlx nwl hI koeI h`l hoxw hY[ so AsIN AwpxI vloN AwpxI smJ Aqy smr`Qw mUzb kMm kr rhy hW[ pr ies idSw vl bhuq Tos kdm Ajy cu`ky nhIN gey[ isqm jrI&I ey srkwrW g`lW vDyry krdIAW qy kMm G`t[ tI vI qy bihsW huMdIAW ny v`fy-v`fy nwvW vwlIAW sMsQwvW hoNd ivc Aw rhIAW ny qy Aw cukIAW hn[ iek dUjy nUM snmwinq jW Apmwinq krn qy pUrw zor l`gw hoieAw ey pr Asl kMm mUloN QoVw ho irhw hY[

suAwl: qusIN keI qrHW dIAW vwqwvrn nwl sMbMiDq keI sMsQwvW nwl juVy hoey ho[ B~ivK ivc vwqwvrn ivc iks qrHW dy pRdUSx dy Kqry hn[

- in`jI mu&wdW leI kudrqI swDnW dI AMnI vrqoN qy ivkws dy munw&w muKI ivkws mwfl ny ies gRih qy jIvn dI hoNd ƒ hI ^qry ivc pw id`qw hY[ PYktrIAW dy prdUSx ny DrqI dy hvw-pwxIAW nMU brbwd kr id`qw hY[ PYktrIAW duAwrw C`fIAW kloro-Ploro kwrbn (sI. AYP. AYsz.) gYsW ny DrqI dI jIvn riKA`k auzon prq ivc Cyk kr id`qy hn[ p`CmI dySW ivc kwrW dI igxqI bhuq vD hY[ hux, kwrW dIAW bRykW AYsbtws nW dy pdwrQ qoN bxdy ny[ ies pdwrQ dI CotI ijhI mwqrw PyPiVAW ivc jwx qy AyYbtweIts nW dy kYNsr dI ibmwrI huMdI hY ijs dw hwly koeI ielwz nhIN[ Bwrq duAwrw ivkws dy AmrIkI mwfl dI AMnI nkL dy is`ty vjoN ieQy kwrW dI igxqI vDI hY, ieQy v`D AbwdI kwrn pRdUSx dw ^qrw vDyry hY[

keI msly qW swfy siBAwcwr nwl juVy hn[ ijvyN ihMdU-is`K qW mr ky vI 40-50 iklo l`kVI nwl jlw lYNdy hn[ dr^q su~kx qoN bwAd vI A`sI &IsdI kwrbn sWBI r`Kdy hn[ jdoN l`kVI jlweI jWdI hY qW ieh kwrbn hvw ivc Aw imldI hY[ ieh murdy jwlx dw kMm ibjlI nwl kIqw jw skdw hY[ jo swfy siBAwcwr nwl tkrwauNdw hY[ Aijhy kMm Dwrimk AwgU suDwr lihrW rwhIN sihjy hI kr skdy hn[ kudrq Awp sMjm, sbr Aqy sMqoK nwl sMquln bxwauNdI hY[ so kudrq iksy vI iksm dI AzwSI psMd nhIN krdI[ mOjUdw smyN ivc sMjm, sbr Aqy sMqoK ƒ kMjUsI kih ky BMifAw jWdw hY[ pwxI ƒ cldw C`f dyxw, ibnWH zrUrq qoN vwhnW dI vrqoN, KyqW ivc kItnwSkW-ndInnwSkW dI byloVI vrqoN, hiQAwrW dy j^Iry iek`Ty krny, nSwKorI Awid sB AzwSI hY[ ies qoN ibnWH swfy pRMprgq ivSvwSW ƒ qrkSIlqw dy nW au~qy qoVnw vI kudrq leI Gwqk swbq hoieAw hY[ ijvyN pihlW lok sUrj iCpx qoN bwAd dr^qW dIAW twhxIAW qk ƒ vI h`Q nhIN lgwauNdy sn ikaNuik mMinAw jWdw sI ik auh sO rhy hn[ SihrI jIvn ivc AweIAW qbdIlIAW kwrn hux idn rwq ivc bhuqw &rk nhIN irhw[ AsI dr^qW leI Awpxy-Awp hI idn rwq dw &rk Kqm kr id`qw[ rwq ƒ dr^qW AMdr idn Br ivc tu`ty qMqUAW dI muMrmq cldI hY[ ies qrWH AsIN dr^qW dI ishq qW Krwb kIqI hI hY sgoN aunWH leI idn rwq k`ty jwx dw rwsqw vI Kol id`qw hY[

munw&wKor snAq ny ies mOky ƒ vriqAw hY[

iesy qrWH pwxI ivc Qu`kxw-t`tI-ipSwb krnw pwp mMinAw jWdw sI[ AsIN ies ƒ bihm kih ky sIvryz vgdy pwxIAW ivc ilAw Koly[ PYktrIAW dw rswiexk k`crw clidAw pwxIAW ivc pw id`qw[ ies nwl swfw pwxI pRdUiSq hoieAw[ vgdw pwxI Aqy DrqI siqh hyTlw vI[ swfI DrqI pRdUiSq hoeI[ AnykW ibmwrIAW mnu`KW, pSUAW, pMCIAW ƒ ru`KW l`gIAW[ hux d`so AsIN iek ivSvwS ƒ qoV ky smu`cy jIvn nwl Droh kIqw jw nhIN? ieh pwp nhIN qW hor kI hY? au~cI- au~cI spIkr lw ky AsIN r`b dw nW lokW dy kMnW ivc pwaux dw dwAvw krdy hW pr ieh AwpxI hoNd drswaux qoN vD kuJ nhIN[ svyr vyly SWqI ivc AsIN r`b rUpI pMCIAW dI Awvwz sux skdy hW[ drKqW dI srsrwht sv`S hvw ivc swh lYidAW sux skdy hW[ svyry kudrq Awpxy pUry jlOA ivc huMdI hY[ myrI Dwrnw hY ik AsIN mnu`K dy kudrq nwl iek-imk hox dy smyN ƒ au~cIAW AwvwzW nwl Kqm krky sMpUrn jIvn nwl pwp hI kmw rhy hW[ swƒ swirAW ƒ hux ies Sor kwrn au~cI suxn l`g ipAw hY[ mYN ieh ivcwr ies leI nhIN pyS kr irhw ik ivSvwSW ƒ qrkW jW ivigAwn dI Dwr au~qy prKxw nhIN cwhIdw[ mslw hY ik qusI suAwl pu`Cx vyly ijMmyvwrI qoN kMm lvo[ aus kImq dw AMdwzw lgwE jo swƒ aus suAwl dy Zlq juAwb au~qy pu`j ky qwrnI pvygI[ swrw ivkws vI ivSvwSW ƒ suAwl krn nwl hoieAw hY[ glylIE ny suAwl krky sB ivSvwSW ƒ ihlw id`qw sI Aqy kurbwnI id`qI pr AsIN aus dy suAwl ivcoN aupjy igAwn dy su`K mwx rhy hW[ so suAwl izMmyvwrI nwl kro[ auNJ suAwl AwpxI haUmYN qoN h`t ky kIiqAW lwhymMd juAwb imlx dI aumId vI vD jWdI hY[ &l nIivAW ru`KW ƒ l`gdy vwlI Dwrnw ivcoN vI kudrq qoN AsIN is`K skdy hW[ inmrqw BrpUr FMg nwl igAwn dI Koz hmySw mwnvI suihrdqw nwl BrI hovygI[

suAwl: qusI bhuq iq`Ky suAwl auBwr rhy ho[ ieh suAwl hr iksm dI srkwr Aqy Dwrimk FWcy ƒ AsuKwvy l`gxgy[ qusI ies mu`dy au~qy ikvyN socdy ho?

- srkwrW Aqy Dwrimk lIfrW ƒ suAwl hr ikqy hr smyN bury l`gdy hn[ pr kuJ lok hmySw suAwl pu`Cdy rhy hn[ mYN Awpxy Awp ƒ ieiqhwsk rUp ivc aus kqwr dw ih`sw mMndw hW jo mwnvqw dI ibhqrI leI suAwl pu`Cdy rhy hn[ mYN inqnymI nhIN hW pr kudrq ƒ mMndw hW Aqy aus dw syvk hW[ AwpxIAW Awaux vwlIAW nslW ijnWH ivc pSU, pMCI, ru`K, hvw, pwxI, im`tI g`l kI jIvn dyx vwlI hr SYA pRqI juAwbdyh hW[ mYN AwpxI kqwr pRqI sucyq hW[ id`lI dMigAW qoN bwAd myry AMdr AwpxI pCwx bwbq suAwl Awey[ mYN ros vjoN vwl-dwVI r`KI ik jy swry kysW vwilAW ƒ mwrnw hY jW swry kysW vwly SMkI hn qW mYN aunWH ivcoN iek hW[ myry leI ieh Dwrimk mslw nhIN sI[ Awpxy hmvqnW nwl suihrdqw jqwaux dw mOkw sI[ ies qrWH hI AYNtI nwzI lIg, grIn ArQ jW pRmwxU bMb dy msly au~qy kMMm krnw Aqy ienWH muidAW au~qy bolxw myry leI Bu`KI, nMgI, AnpVH, QUVW mwrI lokweI dy h`kW leI lVn dw mslw hY[ swfy kol swDn hn, swfy kol pVweI hn, swfy kol muSklW ibAwn krn vwly Sbd hn[ ienWH dI vrqoN loVmMdW leI krnw swfI izMmyvwrI hY, swfw Drm hY[ srkwr Aqy hor AijhIAW munw&wp`KI sMsQwvW swfy vrgy lokW qoN hmySw prySwn huMdIAW hn[ ieMglYNf qoN eyQy Awaux qk mu`dy qW bdl jWdy hn pr srkwrW nwl irSqy nhIN bdldy[

suAwl: igAwrW sqMbr qoN bwAd p`CmI dySW 'c rih rhy prvwsIAW qy dbwA v`D nhIN igAw[ hux ikvyN c`lygw?

- ieMglYNf dI siQqI dUjy p`CmI mulkW nwloN kuJ h`d q`k v`KrI hY[ auQoN dw isstm kwPI h`d q`k brdwSq krky quhwƒ Awpxy ivc smo lYNdw hY[ au~Qy AsihmqI leI QW hY[ hux qusI dyiKAw hY ikvyN blyAr dI iKlw&q hoeI hY[ au~Qy ivroD ƒ kwbU krn dy qrIky bhuq jitl hn[ auh quhwƒ kwbU ivc vI r`Kxgy, jmhUrI id`K vI bxweI r`Kxgy, quhwfIAW sMsQwvW ƒ mdd vI idMdy rihxgy[ igAwrW sqMbr qoN bwAd dbwA qW prvwsIAW au~qy viDAw hY[ pr auNJ nhIN ijvyN swƒ eyQy jwpdw hY[ iPr vI ivqkrw qW hY[ pr kI ie`Qy ivqkrw nhIN huMdw? Bwrq vrgy dyS jwq, Drm, iK`qy, ilMg Aqy goq AwDwirq ivqkirAw dw swhmxw krnw pY irhw hY[ iek siBAk Aqy iensw& psMd smwj dI isrjxw leI swƒ lMmw SMGrS lVnw pvygw[ bMdy leI bMidAweI dI lVweI lMmI dOV vWg hY[

suAwl: Bwrq vrgy ivkwsSIl dySW 'coN bhuq swrIAW AijhIAW vsqUAW dy drwmd 'qy sbisfI id`qI jWdI hY ijnHW dy inrmwx smyN vrkrW dI ishq qy pYNdy mwrU Asr kwrx ivksq dySW 'c inrmwx 'qy pwbMdI hY[ dUjy pwsy vwqwvrn dy kOmWqrI dsqwvyz 'kXoto pRotokwl' nUM ivksq dySW ny AxgOilAw hY 'qy AmrIkw vrgy dyS ny qW dsq^q vI nhIN kIqy, qusIN ies sMbMDI kI socdy ho?

- ieh suAwlW dw suAwl hY[ ies vyly dIAW bhuq swrIAW srkwrW ivAwpk lok ihqW dI numwieMdgI nhIN krdIAW[ srkwr cwhy iksy vI mulk dI hovy, aus dIAW lok ivroDI nIqIAW dw ivroD hoxw cwhIdw hY[ ira-dI-znyro (brwzIl) ivKy hoeI pihlI ArQ simt (Earth Summit) mOky cMgw vwqwvrn isrjx dI jo Aws b`JI sI auh hux m`Dm pY geI hY[ ieh shI hY ik AmrIkw vloN ies simt dIAW do conventions-kXoto pRotokwl Aqy jIvk iBMnqw dI knvYnSn qy dsq^q nhIN kIqy[ pr ies q`Q ny srmweydwrI dy ivSv vwqwvrn dI sm`isAw nMU h`l krn dI Xogqw qy vI suAwlIAw inSwn lgw id`qw hY[ ie`kIvIN sdI dI srmweydwrI dI cVHq dy nwl hI smucy sMswr ivc iesdw ivroD vI ho irhw hY[ ierwk qy AmrIkI hmly dy hoey ivAwpk ivroD ny sMswr dIAW lok-p`KI qwkqW nUM nvIN qwkq b^SI hY[ ieh XkInI hY ik cMgy vwqwvrn Aqy cMgy smwj qy sMswr leI sMGrS jwrI rhygw[

suAwl: vwqwvrn sMbMDI trst bxwaux dw ivcwr iks qrHW AwieAw?

- ivAkqI duAwrw kIqy jwx vwly kMm dI ie`k sImw huMdI hY[ mYN ieh cwhuMnw hW ik myry duAwrw SurU kIqw igAw kMm myry bwAd vI jwrI rhy[ myrIAW Awaux vwlIAw pIVHIAW vI ies kMm nUM A`gy vDwaux[ so ies auprwly ƒ sMsQwgq rUp ivc clwaux dI soc ivcoN ies trst dw jnm hoieAw hY[ sMGrS cldw r`Kx dw auprwlw hY[

suAwl: koeI g`l jo qusIN krnI cwhuMdy hovo?

- myry ipMf lwigE ic`tI vyeIN vgdI hY[ ies ivc mYN qrnw isiKAw, ies ivcoN AsIN m`CIAW PVHdy sI, ies iknwry ivswKI dw mylw lgxw qW lokW ny ies ivc nhwaux Awauxw[ hux ies ivc pRdUiSq kwlw pwxI vgdw hY[ bdbU kwrn ies lwigE lMG nhIN huMdw[ ies AMdrlw swrw jIB-jMq mr cuikAw hY[ ies kolo lgidAw g`c Br AwauNdw hY[ myrI ie`Cw hY, kdy mYN ies ivc iPr nhw skW qW mYN smJWgw ik myrw jnm s&l ho igAw[ (aunWH dw g`c Br AwauNdw hY[ swfy kol koeI Drvwsw nhIN hY[)

pySkS: kulivMdr, dljIq AmI

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